Firmware Jobs in USA with Visa Sponsorship
Firmware engineering roles are primarily sponsored through H-1B visas, with L-1 transfers common at multinational semiconductor and hardware companies. You'll find sponsorship from companies like Qualcomm, Intel, Texas Instruments, and defense contractors, though some defense-related positions require U.S. citizenship. Candidates with advanced degrees may also qualify for EB-2 green card sponsorship relatively quickly given the specialized nature of the work. For detailed occupation requirements, see the O*NET profile.
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LOCATION: San Jose, CA (onsite)
Ayar Labs is shattering AI data bottlenecks by moving data at the speed of light. As pioneers of co-packaged optics (CPO), we are using light instead of electricity to move data faster, further, and with a fraction of the energy needed to fuel the explosive growth of AI models. Backed by industry giants like NVIDIA, AMD and Intel and manufactured in partnership with the world’s leading semiconductor ecosystem, Ayar Labs’ co-packaged optics solution is key to unleashing next-generation AI scale-up architectures. We are seeking a Director of Firmware Engineering to lead our embedded firmware organization at the intersection of photonics and high-speed electronics. You will own the firmware strategy and execution for our silicon photonics platform, spanning transceiver control systems, optical DSP management, laser and modulator drivers, and system-level diagnostics. This is a rare opportunity to build and lead a team at the cutting edge of optical integration technology.
Essential Functions
- Build, motivate, lead and scale a firmware engineering team responsible for control plane software on photonic integrated circuit (PIC)-based products.
- Define and own the firmware architecture strategy, establishing standards and best practices that scale across the organization. The firmware team is responsible for firmware driving closed loops in micro-ring modulators as well as laser bias control, thermal management etc.
- Drive firmware development for bring-up and characterization of silicon photonics ASICs and co-packaged optics (CPO), working closely with photonics, analog, and digital IC design teams as well as validation, platform engineering, and product and test engineering teams.
- Establish robust calibration and provisioning frameworks for device-to-device variation inherent in photonic manufacturing processes. Partner with process and packaging engineering to develop firmware strategies that accommodate PVT (process, voltage, temperature) compensation and aging effects in optical components.
- Define update strategies, secure boot, telemetry, and field diagnostics capabilities that meet the reliability expectations of hyperscalers.
- Develop and maintain firmware for management interfaces including CMIS, I2C, MDIO, SPI, and vendor-specific host interfaces used in hyperscaler and data center deployments.
- Drive technical decisions on embedded platforms, RTOSes, bootloaders, BSPs, device drivers, and communication protocols (UART, SPI, I2C, USB, BLE, etc.).
- Champion firmware quality, reliability, and security through code review processes, static analysis, unit testing, and CI/CD integration.
- Recruit, mentor, and retain top engineering talent; build a culture of technical excellence, collaboration, and continuous improvement.
- Lead both local and remote employees across different time zones and geographies.
Required Qualifications
- Advanced degree (MS or PhD) in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Optical engineering or related field.
- 12+ years experience in firmware engineering with a minimum of 4+ years experience in engineering management role (Staff Manager or above).
- Deep proficiency in C/C++ for embedded microcontrollers (ARM Cortex-M, RISC-V, or similar); experience with bare-metal and RTOS environments.
- Working knowledge of high-speed optical transceiver architectures (SERDES, NRZ / PAM4 signaling etc.). Hands-on experience with control loop firmware for analog subsystems — microring control, laser bias current control, TEC/thermal regulation, APD/PD gain control, or equivalent.
- Proven experience leading firmware development on complex, consumer or industrial products that shipped in high volume (> 10M annually).
- Strong understanding of embedded hardware concepts — memory maps, peripheral interfaces, power management, real-time constraints.
- Proven ability to partner effectively with photonics, analog IC, and systems engineering disciplines.
- Experience bringing firmware from pre-silicon simulation through lab bring-up, manufacturing validation, and volume production.
- Excellent written and oral communication skills with ability to present complex technical information clearly and concisely to both engineers and non-technical stakeholders.
- Proficiency in firmware development and automation tools such as JIRA, Confluence, Jenkins etc.
Preferred Qualifications
- Familiarity with co-packaged optics (CPO) or photonic chiplet architectures. Understanding of optical IO technologies and their applications in the data center environment.
- Exposure to manufacturing test firmware and ATE integration for photonic devices.
- Experience with hyperscaler qualification processes (Meta, Google, Microsoft, AWS) and experience deploying firmware into datacenter-scale platforms.
Salary range: $230,000 - $290,000
Note To Recruiters Principals only. We are not accepting resumes from recruiters for this position. Remuneration for recruiting activities is only applicable subject to a signed and executed agreement between the parties. Please don’t send candidates to Ayar Labs, and do not contact our managers.
Ayar Labs is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer and is strongly committed to all policies which will afford equal opportunity employment to all qualified persons without regard to age, sex, national origin, race, color, ethnicity, creed, religion, gender identity, sexual orientation, disability, veteran status, or any other characteristic protected by law. It is the policy of Ayar Labs to provide reasonable accommodation when requested by a qualified applicant or employee with a disability, unless such accommodation would cause an undue hardship. Veterans are more than welcome and encouraged to apply.

How to Get Visa Sponsorship in Firmware
Target semiconductor companies with established sponsorship programs
Intel, Qualcomm, Broadcom, NVIDIA, and Texas Instruments hire firmware engineers at scale and have well-established visa sponsorship infrastructure. These companies work on cutting-edge chip architectures, wireless protocols, and GPU firmware that require deep embedded systems expertise. Their consistent hiring needs and technical complexity make them reliable sponsors for firmware professionals.
Highlight RTOS and embedded C/C++ expertise prominently
Real-time operating systems (FreeRTOS, Zephyr, VxWorks) and embedded C/C++ programming are the core technical requirements for firmware roles. Employers expect candidates to understand interrupt handling, memory management in constrained environments, and real-time scheduling. These skills are highly specialized and clearly require formal education, which directly supports the specialty occupation classification.
Focus on automotive and EV companies investing in connected vehicles
Tesla, Rivian, Ford, GM, and automotive suppliers like Bosch and Continental are hiring firmware engineers for ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems), battery management systems, and infotainment platforms. The automotive industry's shift toward electric and autonomous vehicles has created strong demand for firmware talent. These companies often sponsor because the skills they need are scarce in the domestic labor market.
Emphasize hardware-software integration and debugging skills
Firmware engineers who can work with oscilloscopes, logic analyzers, JTAG debuggers, and hardware schematics bring skills that pure software developers lack. This ability to bridge the hardware-software gap is what defines firmware engineering as a distinct specialty. Describing specific debugging scenarios where you traced issues across hardware and firmware layers demonstrates expertise that employers and immigration attorneys can clearly articulate.
Consider medical device companies that need FDA-compliant firmware
Medtronic, Abbott, Boston Scientific, and Stryker develop firmware for life-critical medical devices like pacemakers, insulin pumps, and surgical robots. FDA regulatory requirements (IEC 62304 for medical device software) add a layer of specialized knowledge that makes these roles even more clearly degree-dependent. Medical device firmware roles are well-compensated and located in established medtech hubs like Minneapolis, Boston, and the San Francisco Bay Area.
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Get Access To All JobsFrequently Asked Questions
Do firmware engineering roles qualify for H-1B visa sponsorship?
Yes. Firmware engineering is a well-established specialty occupation because it requires a bachelor's degree in computer engineering, electrical engineering, or computer science, combined with specialized knowledge of embedded systems programming. The role's requirement for understanding both hardware and software makes it unambiguously technical and degree-dependent. Firmware positions typically have straightforward H-1B petition outcomes.
Which industries hire firmware engineers with visa sponsorship?
Semiconductor companies (Intel, Qualcomm, Broadcom, NVIDIA), automotive manufacturers and suppliers (Tesla, Ford, Bosch, Continental), consumer electronics companies (Apple, Samsung, Dyson), and medical device companies (Medtronic, Abbott, Boston Scientific) all sponsor firmware engineers. The IoT and connected device market has also expanded demand at companies building smart home products, wearables, and industrial sensors.
What degree background do I need for firmware visa sponsorship roles?
Computer engineering and electrical engineering are the most direct degree matches for firmware positions. Computer science degrees with coursework in embedded systems, operating systems, and computer architecture also qualify. The hardware-software intersection that defines firmware work means USCIS rarely questions whether the role requires a specialized degree - it clearly does.
Are firmware roles harder to find with visa sponsorship compared to software roles?
Firmware positions are less numerous than software roles, but the smaller talent pool means less competition per opening. Companies hiring firmware engineers often struggle to find qualified candidates domestically, which can make them more motivated to sponsor. The specialized nature of firmware work - requiring knowledge of RTOS, hardware interfaces, and low-level debugging - limits the candidate pool in a way that supports sponsorship.
What is the prevailing wage requirement for sponsored Firmware jobs?
When a U.S. employer sponsors a foreign worker for a work visa, they are legally required to pay at least the "prevailing wage" — the average wage paid to workers in the same occupation, in the same geographic area, with similar experience. This is set by the Department of Labor to prevent employers from hiring foreign workers at below-market rates. The prevailing wage varies significantly by role, location, and experience level — for example, a firmware in California will have a different prevailing wage than the same role in a smaller state. You can look up current prevailing wage rates for any occupation and location using the OFLC Wage Search.
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